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HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor Module for Arduino, Robotics & Obstacle Detection
HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor Module for Arduino, Robotics & Obstacle Detection
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The HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor is an easy-to-use distance measurement module for Arduino and robotics projects. It measures the distance of an object using ultrasonic sound and is commonly used in obstacle-avoiding robots, smart dustbins and parking systems.
Technical Specifications
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Module | HC-SR04 |
| Operating voltage | 5V DC |
| Typical measuring range | Approximately 2–400 cm |
| Typical accuracy | Around ±3 mm under suitable conditions |
| Ultrasonic frequency | Approximately 40 kHz |
| Interface pins | VCC, Trigger, Echo and GND |
| Detection method | Ultrasonic time-of-flight |
| Output | Echo pulse |
| Recommended use | Indoor prototyping and robotics |
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Key Features
Key Features
Non-contact distance measurement
Common measuring range of approximately 2–400 cm
Easy four-pin interface
Ultrasonic operating principle
Suitable for Arduino projects
Fast response
Low power consumption
Useful for obstacle detection
Beginner-friendly module
Compatible with many robotics applications
Applications
Applications
Obstacle-avoiding robot
Smart dustbin
Distance meter
Parking-assistance model
Water-level monitoring
Automatic door prototype
Object detection
Security alarm
Robot navigation
Tank-level measurement prototype
School science projects
College robotics projects
Package Includes
Package Includes
1 × HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor Module
Compatibility
Compatibility
Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
What distance can the HC-SR04 measure?
It typically measures from about 2 cm to 400 cm under suitable conditions.
Can I use it with Arduino Uno?
Yes. It is commonly used with Arduino Uno and Arduino Nano.
Can I use it with ESP32?
Yes, but the echo signal may require voltage reduction because ESP32 GPIO uses 3.3V logic.
Does the sensor detect every type of object?
Detection can be weaker with soft, narrow, irregular or angled objects because they may not reflect sound effectively.
Can it detect water level?
It can be mounted above the water surface to estimate the distance to the surface. The sensor itself should be protected from water.
Can it be used outdoors?
It may work outdoors, but wind, moisture, temperature and nearby surfaces can affect measurements. It is not waterproof.
Does it directly display the distance?
No. A microcontroller must calculate and display the measurement.
Is coding required?
Yes. A short program is required to trigger the sensor and calculate the distance from the echo duration.
